鈦(tai)板通(tong)常需要在(zai)(zai)(zai)β單相(xiang)區(qu)或α+β兩相(xiang)區(qu)進行熱(re)(re)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)來獲(huo)得(de)具(ju)有一定(ding)組(zu)織和性能(neng)的(de)產(chan)品。而熱(re)(re)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)參數的(de)選擇對鈦(tai)板的(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)性能(neng)與(yu)顯(xian)微(wei)組(zu)織都產(chan)生重要的(de)影響。近年(nian)來，國內在(zai)(zai)(zai)鈦(tai)板熱(re)(re)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)領域的(de)研(yan)究日漸增多，其中(zhong)熱(re)(re)模(mo)(mo)擬技術(shu)和數值模(mo)(mo)擬技術(shu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)鈦(tai)板熱(re)(re)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)機(ji)制(zhi)和組(zu)織演變(bian)(bian)規律方面(mian)的(de)應(ying)用尤為(wei)突出。眾多學者利用熱(re)(re)/力(li)(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)擬試驗機(ji)對不同類型的(de)鈦(tai)板進行了熱(re)(re)壓(ya)縮(suo)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)實驗，獲(huo)得(de)了材料(liao)的(de)流動(dong)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)曲(qu)線即應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)-應(ying)變(bian)(bian)關(guan)系。流動(dong)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)曲(qu)線反映了流動(dong)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)與(yu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)藝參數之間(jian)的(de)內在(zai)(zai)(zai)關(guan)系，同時，也是材料(liao)內部組(zu)織變(bian)(bian)化(hua)的(de)宏觀(guan)表現。徐文臣等在(zai)(zai)(zai)熱(re)(re)模(mo)(mo)擬機(ji)上進行了恒應(ying)變(bian)(bian)速率(lv)壓(ya)縮(suo)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)試驗，研(yan)究TA15鈦(tai)板的(de)動(dong)態熱(re)(re)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)行為(wei)，計算了材料(liao)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)激活能(neng)Q并觀(guan)察(cha)了熱(re)(re)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)組(zu)織。在(zai)(zai)(zai)α相(xiang)區(qu)動(dong)態再結晶(jing)是材料(liao)的(de)主要軟(ruan)(ruan)化(hua)機(ji)制(zhi)，而在(zai)(zai)(zai)β相(xiang)區(qu)軟(ruan)(ruan)化(hua)機(ji)制(zhi)則以動(dong)態回(hui)復為(wei)主。

       與傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)試錯法相(xiang)比，采取模(mo)擬(ni)技術(shu)(shu)作為研(yan)發手段可(ke)縮短(duan)研(yan)制(zhi)周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)、降(jiang)低(di)生(sheng)產(chan)成本、優化生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，從而(er)達(da)到提高生(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)率和增長經(jing)濟效(xiao)益的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。而(er)鈦板因價格(ge)昂貴、生(sheng)產(chan)周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)長，其生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)迫切需要模(mo)擬(ni)技術(shu)(shu)來為之(zhi)開辟捷徑，攻克熱加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)溫度(du)范圍窄、工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)—組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)—性能(neng)關系復雜多樣等(deng)難題。由于數值模(mo)擬(ni)技術(shu)(shu)使得(de)鈦板熱加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過程(cheng)可(ke)以真實(shi)地在(zai)計算機(ji)上(shang)再現(xian)，所以企業生(sheng)產(chan)者(zhe)和科研(yan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作者(zhe)都利用(yong)此技術(shu)(shu)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)理想(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)參(can)數與相(xiang)應(ying)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)、力學性能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)關系，達(da)到優化現(xian)行生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和降(jiang)低(di)新(xin)產(chan)品(pin)、新(xin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、新(xin)材料(liao)研(yan)制(zhi)成本的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。邵暉(hui)等(deng)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)了(le)片狀(zhuang)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)TC21鈦板在(zai)兩相(xiang)區鍛(duan)造過程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)α相(xiang)演(yan)變(bian)(bian)。采用(yong)DEFORM軟件模(mo)擬(ni)分析了(le)鍛(duan)造過程(cheng)中溫度(du)場(chang)、應(ying)變(bian)(bian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化規律(lv)并(bing)定量(liang)分析了(le)α相(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)貌變(bian)(bian)化，Feret Ratio越小, 形(xing)貌趨(qu)于球化。結果表明, 應(ying)變(bian)(bian)場(chang)與溫度(du)場(chang)影(ying)響片狀(zhuang)相(xiang)演(yan)變(bian)(bian), 在(zai)較低(di)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)變(bian)(bian)條件下, 鍛(duan)料(liao)邊(bian)部由于溫度(du)降(jiang)低(di)較快, 再結晶充分，鍛(duan)料(liao)中心位置(zhi)溫度(du)較高。

       鈦板顯微(wei)組織(zhi)的(de)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性與(yu)鈦板多(duo)(duo)工序的(de)生產過(guo)程(cheng)以及各工序過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性有(you)著(zhu)規律性的(de)聯系(xi)。這(zhe)種復雜聯系(xi)決定了傳統方法很難對鈦板組織(zhi)與(yu)性能進(jin)行(xing)預測和(he)控制。隨著(zhu)近年計算機與(yu)數值(zhi)模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)(ni)技術(shu)的(de)發(fa)展，微(wei)觀(guan)(guan)組織(zhi)數值(zhi)模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)(ni)方法成為獲(huo)得主要工藝(yi)(yi)參數對熱成形工件宏(hong)觀(guan)(guan)和(he)微(wei)觀(guan)(guan)組織(zhi)影響的(de)定量關系(xi)的(de)有(you)力工具(ju)。采用數值(zhi)模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)(ni)技術(shu)再現微(wei)觀(guan)(guan)組織(zhi)的(de)演化(hua)過(guo)程(cheng)，不僅可以加深(shen)理(li)(li)解(jie)組織(zhi)變化(hua)機理(li)(li)，促進(jin)現有(you)理(li)(li)論的(de)發(fa)展，而且可以改善材料(liao)組織(zhi)結(jie)構和(he)優化(hua)材料(liao)的(de)制備(bei)工藝(yi)(yi)，從(cong)而獲(huo)得材料(liao)預期的(de)力學能。

       國內外已(yi)采用熱(re)模擬(ni)技術和(he)(he)數值模擬(ni)技術對鈦板(ban)熱(re)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)機(ji)制(zhi)與微(wei)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)演(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)開展了大量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)研(yan)究(jiu)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，獲得了力(li)能(neng)參(can)數與工(gong)藝參(can)數、微(wei)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)關(guan)系等(deng)(deng)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)，可(ke)起到(dao)優化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝、提(ti)高產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用和(he)(he)效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)。但是由于材料性能(neng)數據不(bu)準確、邊界條(tiao)件和(he)(he)摩擦參(can)數難貼近實(shi)際、宏觀(guan)(guan)(guan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)研(yan)究(jiu)未(wei)涉及微(wei)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化等(deng)(deng)因(yin)素，因(yin)此模擬(ni)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)跟(gen)實(shi)際生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)相比存在(zai)一定的(de)誤差。未(wei)來鈦板(ban)熱(re)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)機(ji)制(zhi)及微(wei)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)演(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)規律的(de)研(yan)究(jiu)須(xu)將物理(li)模擬(ni)技術和(he)(he)數值模擬(ni)技術有機(ji)結(jie)合，建立更(geng)加(jia)符合實(shi)際生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程的(de)宏觀(guan)(guan)(guan)有限(xian)元模型(xing)，并(bing)將其與微(wei)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)演(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)模型(xing)耦合，力(li)求模擬(ni)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)不(bu)僅能(neng)為現(xian)場(chang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)提(ti)供理(li)論依據，而且能(neng)夠定量(liang)(liang)(liang)地指導現(xian)場(chang)工(gong)藝，Z終達(da)到(dao)實(shi)時跟(gen)蹤變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)過程、控制(zhi)產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)目的(de)。